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The Philippines elects on national level a head of state (the President) and a legislature. The president is elected for a six-year term by the people. The vice-president is elected at the same time on a separate ballot. The Philippines elects on a local level governors, vice governors, board members, mayors up to the barangay officials and the Sangguniang Kabataan or youth council members which is mandated in the current Constitution of the Philippines and the Local Government Code of 1991.
The Congress or Kongreso has two chambers. The House of Representatives or Kapulungan ng mga Kinatawan has currently 240 seats elected for three-year terms, of which 212 seats are contested in single seat constituencies and, 23 are allotted to party-lists according to a formula, which are only accessible to marginalized and under-represented groups and parties. The Philippine constitution prohibits the House of Representatives to have more than 250 members. The Senate or Senado has 24 members who are elected for six-year terms at-large and do not represent any geographical district. Half of the Senate is renewed every three years.
The Philippines has a multi-party system, with numerous parties in which no one party often has a chance of gaining power alone, and parties must work with each other to form a coalition government. The Commission on Elections (COMELEC) is responsible for running the elections.
Under the Constitution, general elections for the President, Vice President, Congress and local officials occurs after the President and Vice President finishes their terms. While the Congressional elections occurs on mid-term of the incumbent President. Barangay and Sangguniang Kabataan elections are now done at the same time after the Congressional elections.
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Every citizen above the age of 18 on Election Day may vote. In order to actually vote, a citizen may have to register. The COMELEC has a registration period a few months prior to the election. Those who are not registered will not appear on the voters' list and is ineligible to vote despite being qualified to do so.
People aged 15 to 18 may vote in Sangguniang Kabataan elections. Same with their adult counterparts, the COMELEC has a registration period a few months prior to the election.
Absentee voters are divided into two types: local and overseas absentee voters. Local absentee voters include people who are working during Election Day per se, such as soldiers, policemen, government employees and the like. Overseas absentee voters refer to Filipinos residing abroad. They are eligible to vote on national positions only (president, vice president, senators and the party-list representative). Overseas absentee voters may vote in Philippine embassies and consulates, and voting begins as early as a few months prior to the election.
Once a registered voter finds his name in the voters' list and locates the correct precinct, he may queue in line for the distribution of the ballot.
Prior to the 2010 elections, voters have to write the names of the candidates next to the positions in which they are running. COMELEC-approved nicknames maybe used by the voters in writing the names. After the polling period ends, the Board of Election Inspectors (or the teachers manning the polling precinct) counts the ballots by hand. Once all the ballots are counted, they'd accomplish he election returns that will be sent to the city or municipal Board of Canvassers, political parties and other groups. For the 2010 election, the voters shaded the oval before their chosen candidate's name, and a voting machine automatically counts each ballot as it is fed into it. The results will then be printed as the election return and sent electronically to the city or municipal Board of Canvassers as stated below.
The city or municipal Board of Canvassers canvasses the votes from all polling precincts within their jurisdiction and prepares two documents: a Statement of Votes (SOV) in which all votes from all candidates in all positions per precinct is listed; and a Certificate of Canvass (COC), a document showing the vote totals of all candidates within the Board of Canvassers' jurisdiction.
If the city or municipal Board of Canvassers' jurisdiction is an independent city with its own congressional district, they will send their SOV and COC to the national Board of Canvassers (the COMELEC for senate and party-list elections, Congress for presidential and vice presidential elections). If it is otherwise, they will send their SOV and COC to the provincial Board of Canvassers where the votes as stated from the city or municipal COC will be canvassed. The provincial Board of Canvassers sends their SOV and COC to the national Board of Canvassers once canvassing is done. The national Board of Canvassers then canvasses all COCs and declares the winners for national positions.
National and local elections are held every on the second Monday of May every third year starting 1992. The presidential and vice presidential elections are held every six years. Election Days in which the president and vice president and barangay officials are not elected are called "midterm elections"; Election Days in which the president and vice president are elected are called "presidential elections." Barangay-level officials, although are currently elected in the same year as the other officials, are elected separately the succeeding months (see below).
From 1949 to 1971, election days are held every second Tuesday of November of every odd-numbered year with the presidential and vice presidential election held the every fourth year starting from 1951.
Barangay-level elections, starting from 2007, are to be held every three years during the last Monday of October, although these elections are frequently postponed (and incumbents' terms are extended) as a cost-saving measure. Elections for the positions in the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM), starting from 2011, are to be held every three years during the second Monday of May.
| Position | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Type | Midterm (May) Barangay (October) |
ARMM | None | Presidential (May) Barangay (October) |
None | None | Midterm (May) Barangay (October) |
| President and vice president |
No | President and vice president | None | ||||
| Senate | Seats contested during odd-numbered years (12 seats) | None | Seats contested during even-numbered years (12 seats) | None | Seats contested during odd-numbered years (12 seats) | ||
| House | All seats | None | All seats | None | All seats | ||
| ARMM | No | All positions | None | All positions | |||
| Provinces, cities and municipalities | All positions | None | All positions | None | All positions | ||
| Barangays | All positions | None | All positions | None | All positions | ||
| Position | Number |
|---|---|
| President | 1 |
| Vice president | 1 |
| Senators | 12 |
| House of Representatives (district) | 1 |
| House of Representatives (party-list) | 1 |
| Governor | 1* |
| Vice governor | 1* |
| Board members | 1 to 7* |
| Mayor | 1 |
| Vice mayor | 1 |
| Councilors | 4 to 12 |
| Total presidential | 22 to 39 |
| Total midterm | 20 to 37 |
| Regional governor | 1 |
| Regional vice governor | 1 |
| Regional assemblymen | 3 |
| Total ARMM | 5 |
| Barangay captain | 1 |
| Barangay councilor (kagawad) | 7 |
| Total barangay | 8 |
| SK chairman | 1 |
| SK councilor (kagawad) | 7 |
| Total SK | 8 |
| *Some cities do not elect provincial officials. | |
In a presidential election year, a voter may vote for as much as 34 names and a party-list organization. In ARMM elections, a voter may vote for five names, and in barangay elections, a voter may vote for eight names. A voter for the Sangguniang Kabataan (SK, youth council) may vote for eight names; currently, SK voters are aged 15 to 18 years old with only the SK voters aged 18 years old may vote for other barangay officials.
Each voter is entitled to one vote each for the duration of the election. The voter may split their ticket. The candidate with the most votes wins the position; there is no run-off election, and the president and vice president may come from different parties.
The Senate has 24 members, and 12 members are elected every election; hence, each voter is entitled to twelve votes for the Senate in every election. The voter may not complete the twelve votes for the Senate, but s/he must not surpass the twelve votes or else his/her ballot for that position will be nullified. With the entire country as one at-large district, the twelve candidates with the most number of votes are elected. This is often not proportional to the results.
From 1951 to 1971, instead of 12 senators elected every three years, the electorate voted for eight senators every two years in the same format. From 1941 to 1949, all elections to the senate were by block voting: the voters may write a name for every seat contested, or they can write the name of the party, which would then give all of the voters' votes to that party's ticket. Compounded with the Nacionalista Party's dominance, this caused a sweep of 24 seats for them in 1941.[1] From 1916 to 1934, voting was via senatorial districts; voters vote for one candidate every three years, except for the first election in 1916 where they'd vote for two candidates; the second-placed candidate would only serve for three years.
Each voter has two votes in the House of Representatives.
A voter may elect a representative from the congressional district of residence. The candidate with the highest number of votes in a district wins that district's seat.
A voter may also elect a party-list organization. The voter votes for the party, not for the candidate, and the voter is restricted to one vote. All votes are tallied in an at-large basis, and parties with at least 2% of the vote wins at least one seat in the House. A further two more seats will be granted if there are still spare seats (the party-list representatives comprise 20% of the House), and if there are still unfilled seats, the parties with less than 2% of the vote will get one seat each in descending order until all seats are filled. A party-list organization is limited to represented marginalized sectors in the society such as the youth, laborers, women, and the like.
Previously, the calculation for the winners in the party-list election was different: the winning parties should have 2% of the national vote and are awarded one seat; any additional 2% is given an additional seat until the maximum of three seats per party is filled up. Since only several parties surpassed the 2% election threshold, the number of party-list representatives was always less than 20% of the House's membership.
The party-list system was first used in 1998; from 1987 to 1995, the president with the concurrence of the Commission on Appointments, appointed the sectoral representatives. Sectoral representatives were first elected during 1978.
Synchronized with the national elections are the local elections. The voter may vote for any of the following:
If the city the voter is residing in a highly urbanized city, the voter can not vote for any of the provincial-level positions.
The Sangguniang Panlalawigan (provincial board), Sangguniang Panlungsod (city council) and Sangguniang Bayan (municipal council)'s manner of election is identical with that of the Senate. In some cities and provinces, they are split into districts (not necessarily the same as the congressional district) in which separate board members/council members are elected.
Barangay elections are held every three years, although usually not in the same time as elections for other positions. Terms of incumbent barangay officials are often extended when Congress suspend the barangay elections as a cost-saving measure. The barangay-level positions are:
The manner of election of the Sangguniang Kabataan in the barangay is identical to the one used in the Senate. Each barangay is entitled to one SK. The barangay SK chairpersons in a city or municipality elect amongst themselves a president that will sit as an ex-officio member of the city or municipal council. The city (if applicable) and municipal SK presidents then elect amongst themselves a president that will sit in the provincial board as an ex-officio member. Finally, provincial and city (which are not under the jurisdiction of a province) chairpersons elect amongst themselves the SK national federation president that will sit as an ex-officio member of the National Youth Commission.
The manner of representation of the different barangay chairmen in the municipal, city and provincial legislatures as ex-officio members is identical with the way how the SK chairpersons are represented; the provincial and city (which are not under the jurisdiction of a province) chairpersons elect amongst themselves the president of the National League of the Barangays (Liga ng mga Barangay).
Referendums and plebiscites are conducted in order to pass certain laws. Any amendments or revision to the constitution, merging, creation and abolition of local government units and autonomous regions and the like. In order for a referendum and plebiscite to pass, the votes in favor must be greater in number than those which are opposed; there is no requirement for how high the voter turnout should be in such referendums or plebiscites.
There had been two "waves" of national referendums in the Philippines: the first was during the Commonwealth period, and the latter was during the martial law period. Locally, the most common plebiscites are on creating new provinces and the upgrading of a municipality into a city.
The last provincial-level plebiscite was on 2008 for the creation of a new province of Quezon del Sur that was defeated; the last national plebiscite in 1987 was for the approval of the constitution endorsed by the 1986 Constitutional Commission.
Elected local government officials may be recalled. A recall election may be called if either a majority of all members of a preparatory recall assembly, composed of all elected local officials within a local government unit (LGU), endorse a recall, or if there is a petition of at least 25% of the registered voters in that LGU. The recalled official is not allowed to resign when facing a recall election, but may participate in it; the candidate with the highest number of votes wins the recall election.
The last recall election above the barangay level was the 1993 Bataan gubernatorial recall election.
Initiatives (locally known as "people's initiative") to amend the constitution are allowed if there are is a petition of at least 12% of all registered voters in the country, with at least 3% in every legislative district. A plebiscite will be called it meets such requirements. A people's initiative has never been proposed.
The term "special election" in the Philippines may mean either of the following:
Members of the House of Representatives can be elected under the second type of special election whenever the predecessor leaves office, except when the next regularly scheduled election is less than a year away. A special election for president and vice president can only be called if both offices are vacant at the same time, and is outside the 18 months prior to the next regularly scheduled presidential election.
The next special election to elect a vacancy to the House of Representatives will be on 2012 for Zambales' 2nd legislative district. The last special election for the presidency was on 1986.
Primary elections do not exist in the Philippines. The leaders of the various political parties select the candidates themselves, and party membership is liquid. In some cases, if a politician is not chosen to be a candidate, he can join another party (such as Ferdinand Marcos, a Liberal, jumped ship to the Nacionalistas in 1965 when the Liberals picked incumbent Diosdado Macapagal as their presidential candidate), or create their own party (such as Fidel Ramos, when he created the Lakas ng Tao (now Lakas Kampi CMD) after the Laban ng Demokratikong Pilipino chose Ramon Mitra as their presidential candidate in 1992).
Only elections national in scope are included.
| Candidate | Party | Results | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Votes | % | |||
| Benigno Aquino III | Liberal | 15,208,678 | 42.08% | |
| Joseph Estrada | PMP | 9,487,837 | 26.25% | |
| Manny Villar | Nacionalista | 5,573,835 | 15.42% | |
| Gilberto Teodoro | Lakas-Kampi | 4,095,839 | 11.33% | |
| Eddie Villanueva | Bangon Pilipinas | 1,125,878 | 3.12% | |
| Richard Gordon | Bagumbayan-VNP | 501,727 | 1.39% | |
| Nicanor Perlas | Independent | 54,575 | 0.15% | |
| Jamby Madrigal | Independent | 46,489 | 0.13% | |
| John Carlos de los Reyes | Ang Kapatiran | 44,244 | 0.12% | |
| Total valid votes | 36,139,102 | 94.73% | ||
| Vetallano Acosta (disqualified)* | KBL | 181,985 | 0.48% | |
| Total invalid votes | 2,010,269 | 5.27% | ||
| Total turnout | 38,149,371 | 74.34% | ||
| Registered voters | 51,292,465 | 100.00% | ||
| COCs canvassed | 278 of 278 | 100.00% | ||
*Vetallano Acosta (KBL) was disqualified after the ballots were printed. All of his votes are considered spoilt
| Candidate | Party | Results | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Votes | % | |||
| Jejomar Binay | PDP-Laban[v 1] | 14,645,574 | 41.65% | |
| Mar Roxas | Liberal | 13,918,490 | 39.58% | |
| Loren Legarda | NPC[v 2] | 4,294,664 | 12.21% | |
| Bayani Fernando | Bagumbayan-VNP | 1,017,631 | 2.89% | |
| Edu Manzano | Lakas-Kampi | 807,728 | 2.30% | |
| Perfecto Yasay | Bangon Pilipinas | 364,652 | 1.04% | |
| Jay Sonza | KBL | 64,230 | 0.18% | |
| Dominador Chipeco, Jr. | Ang Kapatiran | 52,562 | 0.15% | |
| Total valid votes | 35,165,555 | 92.18% | ||
| Total invalid votes | 2,983,816 | 7.82% | ||
| Total turnout | 38,149,371 | 74.38% | ||
| Registered voters | 51,292,555 | 100.00% | ||
| COCs canvassed | 278 of 278 | 100.00% | ||
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| Party | Popular vote | Up[n 1] | Entered | Seats won | Change | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | % | Total | %[n 2] | |||||
| Lakas-Kampi (Strength-Partner of Free Filipinos-Christian Muslim Democrats) | 12,910,892 | 37.46% | 120 | 164 | 106 | 36.93% | 15 | |
| KABAKA (Partner of the Nation for Progress) | 70,852 | 0.21% | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0.35% | ||
| SARRO (Sarangani Reconciliation and Reformation Organization) | 60,899 | 0.18% | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0.00% | 1 | |
| Lakas Kampi CMD coalition | 13,042,643 | 37.84% | 122 | 166 | 107 | 37.28% | 16 | |
| Liberal (Liberal Party) | 6,716,911 | 19.49% | 30 | 131 | 42 | 14.67% | 12 | |
| KKK/Liberal joint ticket | 169,944 | 0.49% | 1 | 3 | 3 | 1.04% | 2 | |
| KKK (Struggle for Peace, Progress and Justice) | 11,076 | 0.03% | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0.00% | ||
| Liberal Party coalition | 6,901,005 | 20.02% | 31 | 135 | 45 | 15.85% | 14 | |
| Nacionalista (Nationalist Party) | 3,748,973 | 10.88% | 24 | 64 | 25 | 9.08% | 1 | |
| Kusug (Promote Progress for Cebu) | 126,144 | 0.37% | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0.00% | ||
| PCM (People's Champ Movement) | 120,052 | 0.35% | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0.35% | 1 | |
| Ugyon Kita Capiz (Unite Capiz) | 45,859 | 0.13% | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0.00% | ||
| Nacionalista Party coalition | 4,041,028 | 11.73% | 24 | 68 | 26 | 9.09% | 2 | |
| PMP (Force of the Filipino Masses) | 862,599 | 2.50% | 2 | 45 | 4 | 1.40% | 2 | |
| Navoteño (Party of the People of Navotas) | 76,276 | 0.22% | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0.35% | 1 | |
| Magdiwang (Magdiwang Party) | 47,840 | 0.14% | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0.35% | 1 | |
| PMP coalition | 986,715 | 2.86% | 2 | 47 | 6 | 2.10% | 4 | |
| NPC (Nationalist People's Coalition) | 5,479,413 | 15.90% | 25 | 72 | 31 | 10.76% | 6 | |
| PDP-Laban (Philippine Democratic Party – People's Power) | 283,119 | 0.82% | 5[n 3] | 14 | 2 | 0.69% | 3 | |
| Bigkis Pinoy (Bundle Pinoy) | 206,853 | 0.60% | 0 | 7 | 0 | 0.00% | ||
| PDSP (Philippine Social Democratic Party) | 171,345 | 0.50% | 0 | 4 | 1 | 0.35% | 1 | |
| LDP (Struggle of the Democratic Filipinos) | 162,434 | 0.47% | 1 | 3 | 2 | 0.69% | 1 | |
| KBL (New Society Movement) | 158,416 | 0.46% | 0 | 10 | 1 | 0.35% | 1 | |
| Aksyon (Democratic Action) | 113,088 | 0.33% | 0 | 10 | 0 | 0.00% | ||
| Lapiang Manggagawa (Workers' Party) | 88,556 | 0.25% | 1 | 3 | 1 | 0.35% | ||
| Bagumbayan-VNP (New Nation-Volunteers for a New Philippines) | 71,319 | 0.21% | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0.00% | ||
| GAD (Grand Alliance for Democracy) | 47,677 | 0.14% | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0.00% | ||
| Ang Kapatiran (Alliance for the Common Good) | 45,631 | 0.13% | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0.00% | ||
| Aton Tamdon Utod Negrosa-non (Let’s Take Care of our Brother Negrenses) | 42,796 | 0.12% | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0.00% | ||
| PGRP (Philippine Green Republican Party) | 21,636 | 0.06% | 0 | 10 | 0 | 0.00% | ||
| Lingkod Taguig (Service to Taguig) | 16,990 | 0.05% | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0.00% | 1 | |
| Bangon Pilipinas (Rise Up Philippines) | 14,150 | 0.04% | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0.00% | ||
| Lapiang Manggagawa Workers and Peasants Party | 8,894 | 0.03% | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0.00% | ||
| Buklod (Bond) | 876 | 0.00% | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0.00% | ||
| Independents | 2,563,544 | 7.44% | 4[n 4] | 228 | 7 | 2.43% | 3 | |
| Vacancies | – | – | 4 | – | – | – | 4 | |
| New districts | – | – | 10 | – | – | – | 10 | |
| Valid votes | 34,463,474 | 92.41% | — | — | — | — | ||
| Sandugo (Blood Compact) | 1,486 | 0.00% | 0 | 1[n 5] | 0 | 0.00% | ||
| Invalid or blank votes[n 6] | 2,937,866 | 7.88% | — | — | — | — | ||
| Total turnout[n 6] | 37,293,960 | 73.52% | 215 | 792 | 229 | 80.07% | 14 | |
| Registered voters[n 6] | 50,723,733[n 7] | 100.00% | ||||||
| Party | Popular vote | Seats | Nominees* | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | % | Up | Won | First nominee | Second nominee | Third nominee | |
| AKB | 1,524,006 | 5.20% | 0 | 3 | Christopher Co | Rodel Batocabe | Alfredo Garbin, Jr. |
| Senior Citizens | 1,296,950 | 4.42% | 1 | 2 | Godofredo Arquiza | David Kho | Francisco Datol, Jr. |
| Buhay | 1,250,467 | 4.27% | 3 | 2 | Michael Velarde, Jr. | Irwin Tieng | Ignacio Jimenez |
| Akbayan | 1,061,947 | 3.62% | 2 | 2 | Walden Bello | Arlene Bag-ao | Tomasito Villarin |
| GABRIELA | 1,006,752 | 3.43% | 2 | 2 | Luzviminda Ilagan | Ernerenciana de Jesus | Shiela Ferrer |
| Coop-NATCCO | 944,864 | 3.22% | 2 | 2 | Jose Ping-ay | Cresente Paez | Luis Carillo |
| 1-CARE | 770,015 | 2.63% | 0 | 2 | Michael Angelo Rivera | Salvador Cabaluna III | Jesus Castro |
| Abono | 766,993 | 2.62% | 2 | 2 | Robert Raymond Estrella | Francisco Ortega II | Jacky Lomibao |
| Bayan Muna | 750,100 | 2.56% | 3 | 2 | Teddy Casiño | Neri Colmanares | Joven Laura |
| An Waray | 712,405 | 2.43% | 2 | 2 | Florencio Noel | Neil Montejo | Jude Acidre |
| CIBAC | 653,399 | 2.23% | 2 | 2 | Sherwin Tugna | Cinchona Cruz-Gonzales | Armi Jane Borje |
| A TEACHER | 617,898 | 2.11% | 2 | 2 | Mariano Piamonte, Jr. | Julleta Cortuna | Nenita Habulan |
| AGAP | 516,052 | 1.76% | 2 | 1 | Nicanor Briones | Rico Geron | Albert Lim, Jr. |
| Butil | 507,091 | 1.73% | 2 | 1 | Herminio Ocampo | Maximiano Chempron | Gerardo Dilig |
| Anakpawis | 447,201 | 1.53% | 2 | 1 | Rafael V. Mariano | Joel Maglunsod | Randall Echanis |
| Kabataan | 418,776 | 1.43% | 1 | 1 | Raymond Palatino | Mark Louie Aquino | Kathrina Castillo |
| LPGMA | 417,771 | 1.43% | 0 | 1 | Arnel Uy | Sinforoso Pangusan | Salvador Escaño |
| ABAMIN | 378,345 | 1.29% | 0 | 1 | Maximo Rodriguez, Jr. | Virginia Sering | Sergio Pascual |
| ACT Teachers | 372,903 | 1.27% | 0 | 1 | Antonio Tinio | Francisca Castro | Efleda Bautista |
| AAMBIS-Owa | 357,804 | 1.22% | 0 | 1 | Sharon Garin | Carina Flores | Eduard Trinidad |
| YACAP | 337,487 | 1.15% | 1 | 1 | Carol Jayne Lopez | Arnel Arbison | Allen Ponsaran, Jr. |
| APEC | 313,689 | 1.07% | 2 | 1 | Ponciano Payuyo | Lamberto Canlas | Andres Garcia |
| ANAD | 297,984 | 1.02% | 1 | 1 | Pastor M. Alcover, Jr. | Baltaire Q. Balangauan | Pastor A. Alcover II |
| Ang Kasangga | 296,695 | 1.01% | 1 | 1 | Teodorico Haresco | Eugenio Jose Lacson | Anna Marie Nava |
| BH | 293,079 | 1.00% | 0 | 1 | Bernadette Herrera-Dy | Edgar Allan Dy | Dan Stephen Palami |
| Ang Galing Pinoy | 269,273 | 0.92% | 0 | 1 | Mikey Arroyo | Dennis Pineda | Romeo Dungca, Jr. |
| Agbiag | 263,234 | 0.90% | 0 | 1 | Patricio Antonio | Erika Dy | Hansel Tillmann |
| PBA | 258,869 | 0.88% | 0 | 1 | Mark Aeron Sambar | Miles Roces | Mark Daya |
| ABS | 257,457 | 0.88% | 1 | 1 | Catalina Leonen-Pizarro | Eugene Michael de Vera | Mary Jazul |
| TUCP | 245,031 | 0.84% | 1 | 1 | Raymond Mendoza | Anthony Sasin | Ruben Torres |
| AGHAM | 242,630 | 0.83% | 0 | 1 | Angelo Palmones | Anselmo Adriano | Florentino Tesoro |
| DIWA | 239,029 | 0.82% | 0 | 1 | Emmeline Aglipay | Ramon Bergado | Pepito Pico |
| KAKUSA | 234,788 | 0.80% | 1 | 1 | Ranulfo Canonigo | Ma. Jesusa Sespeñe | Omar Rivera |
| Kalinga | 230,516 | 0.79% | 0 | 1 | Abigail Ferriol | Uzziel Caponpon | Osinando Quillao, Jr. |
| ALIF | 227,431 | 0.78% | 1 | 1 | Acmad Tomawis | Abdulwahab Amerol | Macakuna Casar |
| Alagad | 227,281 | 0.78% | 2 | 1 | Rodante Marcoleta | Diogenes Osabel | Ric Domingo |
| 1-UTAK | 220,617 | 0.75% | 1 | 1 | Angelo Reyes | Vigor Ma. Mendoza II | Homero Mercado |
| Una ang Pamilya | 218,181 | 0.74% | 0 | 1 | Reena Concepcion Obillo | Protasio Asadon, Jr. | Alex Billedo |
| AVE | 216,100 | 0.74% | 0 | 1 | Eulogio Magsaysay | Iris Marie Montes | Adelaida Magsaysay |
| Aangat Tayo | 177,503 | 0.61% | 1 | 1 | Daryl Grace Abayon | Eden Debulgado-Rivera | Patricia Mae Veloso |
| ATING Koop | 175,636 | 0.60% | 0 | 1 | Isidro Lico | Roberto Mascariña | Sylvia Flores |
| AA-Kasosyo | 171,589 | 0.59% | 0 | 1 | Solaiman Pangandaman | Raynor Taroy | Percival Peralta |
| ALE | 170,543 | 0.58% | 0 | 1 | Catalina Bagasina | Erlinda de Leon | Ma. Michaela Magtoto |
| Alay Buhay | 164,044 | 0.56% | 0 | 0 | Weslie Gatchalian | Antonio Sayo | Miguel Varela |
| AKMA-PTM | 162,972 | 0.56% | 0 | 0 | Michael Kida | Crispin Carreon | Ramon Vegas |
| AMIN | 161,418 | 0.55% | 2 | 0 | Ariel C. Hernandez | Sitti Djalia Turabin-Hataman | Deonato Mokudef |
| KAAKBAY | 161,127 | 0.55% | 0 | 0 | Alain Pascua | Leonor Briones | Eulogio Tumbali |
| VFP | 155,672 | 0.53% | 1 | 0 | Estrella Santos | Manuel Pamaran | Antonio Collado |
| ARARO | 147,408 | 0.50% | 0 | 0 | Quirino dela Torre | Elmer Calinday | Conchita Quibod |
| Atong Paglaum | 146,363 | 0.50% | 0 | 0 | Rodolfo Pancrudo | Roelito Gawilan | Felix Vergara, Jr. |
| PACYAW | 143,553 | 0.49% | 0 | 0 | Janet Rita Lazatin | Rey Pineda | Alikmatial Gonzales |
| ATM | 142,988 | 0.49% | 0 | 0 | Allen Cupayan | Reuben Lingating | Joel Unad |
| ANAK | 142,417 | 0.49% | 0 | 0 | Eduardo Octaviano, Jr. | Eliseo dela Paz | Oscar Bunyi |
| Partido ng Manggagawa | 140,257 | 0.48% | 0 | 0 | Renato Magtubo | Gerardo Rivera | Judy Ann Rivera |
| ADD | 139,494 | 0.48% | 0 | 0 | Sanipa Camid | Mauyag Papandayan, Jr. | Joseph Lo |
| ABA | 138,310 | 0.47% | 1 | 0 | Leonardo Montemayor | Dioscoro Granada | Jose Nebrao |
| ATS | 136,828 | 0.47% | 0 | 0 | Virgillo Mortera | Vincent Michael Velasco | Jaime Domdom |
| AMANA | 133,048 | 0.45% | 0 | 0 | Nassief Malawani | Pendatun Disimban | Sualb Tuttuh |
| KAAGAPAY | 130,498 | 0.45% | 0 | 0 | Javier Coscolluela | Juan Carlos Pineda | Nella Fuentebella |
| BANAT | 129,089 | 0.44% | 1 | 0 | Salvador Britanico | Edgar Igano | Rodolfo Salazar |
| 1GANAP/Guardians | 121,508 | 0.41% | 0 | 0 | Victorino Villanueva | Jose Reyes Rabuya | Antonio Amulong |
| 1-ABAA | 121,405 | 0.40% | 0 | 0 | Margie Tajon | Jocelyn Andres | Sheena Gonzalvo |
| Babae Ka | 117,518 | 0.40% | 0 | 0 | Nerissa Garcia | Jacqueline Lingad-Ricci | Ruth Vasquez |
| BANDILA | 115,964 | 0.40% | 0 | 0 | Milton Ngu | Nilo Tayag | Juan Miguel Bondoc |
| AHON | 115,789 | 0.40% | 0 | 0 | Dante Ang | Emerito Remulla | Von Bryan Cuerpo |
| Katribu | 114,966 | 0.39% | 0 | 0 | Beverly Longid | Genasque Enriquez | Nelson Mallari |
| Ang Ladlad | 114,120 | 0.39% | 0 | 0 | Bembol Benedito | Germaine Leonin | Crisanto Lopera, Jr. |
| 1-AANI | 113,434 | 0.39% | 0 | 0 | Timm Renomeron | Marvyn Gaerlan | Eddie Catalo |
| 1-AHAPO | 111,495 | 0.38% | 0 | 0 | Magleo Adriano | Jimmy de Castro | Eligio Malaluan |
| CONSLA | 111,198 | 0.38% | 0 | 0 | Ricardo Nolasco, Jr. | George Uy | Melchor Ramos |
| KABAYAN | 110,085 | 0.38% | 0 | 0 | Ron Salo | Jessie Nietes | Alberto Kimpo |
| Binhi | 108,174 | 0.37% | 0 | 0 | Pacifico Fajardo, Jr. | Florentino Panginilan | Nelson Villanueva |
| Akap Bata | 107,478 | 0.37% | 0 | 0 | Joy Alcantara | Arlene Brosas | Evelyn D. Guerrero |
| Ang Trabahante | 107,468 | 0.37% | 0 | 0 | |||
| AGILA | 105,406 | 0.36% | 0 | 0 | Cedric Valera | Restituto Malangan | Orlando Hondrade |
| COFA | 105,049 | 0.36% | 0 | 0 | Neneth Omar | Editha Mabuhay | Gorgonio Unde |
| FIL-MUS | 105,033 | 0.36% | 0 | 0 | Hassan Dalimbang | Ato Dimananal | Samaon Buat |
| Biyayang Bukid | 102,191 | 0.35% | 0 | 0 | Teofilo Villamar | Nicolas Neri | Florida Perez-Robes |
| Abakada Guro | 97,872 | 0.33% | 1 | 0 | Jonathan dela Cruz | Ed Vincent Albano | Arsenio Jallorina |
| Firm 24-K | 96,292 | 0.33% | 0 | 0 | Artemio Lachica | Rodolfo Santoyo, Jr. | Arnulfo Balbin |
| Abante Ilonggo | 94,815 | 0.32% | 0 | 0 | Aguinaldo Miravailes | Rogelio Zambarrano | Arturo Mejorada |
| ALYANSA NG OFW | 91,663 | 0.31% | 0 | 0 | Abolcair Guro | Nhazrudin Dianalan | Meycauayan Atil |
| Ako | 90,511 | 0.31% | 0 | 0 | Ma. Corazon Sarmiento | Rodolfo Caisip | Roque Bello III |
| ABROAD | 88,743 | 0.30% | 0 | 0 | Danilo Dy | Angela Dy | Divine Puno |
| COCOFED | 88,536 | 0.30% | 1 | 0 | Domingo Espina | Jose Valmores | Jose Lobregat |
| PCL | 88,457 | 0.30% | 0 | 0 | Victor Ferrer, Jr. | Benito Brizuela | Ma. Lourdes Ibuna |
| ALIM | 86,491 | 0.30% | 0 | 0 | Rasol Mitmug, Jr. | Don Ferdinand Daquial | Fatani Abdul Malik |
| Womenpower, Inc. | 86,411 | 0.29% | 0 | 0 | Zenaida Reyes | Gloria Encarnacion | Maricar Matalam |
| 1st KABAGIS | 84,687 | 0.29% | 0 | 0 | Roman Wanasen | Jose Singson, Jr. | Eugenio S. Labitoria |
| LYPAD | 82,642 | 0.28% | 0 | 0 | Teoann Masiglat | Horacio Morales II | Anne Militsala |
| Bantay | 81,584 | 0.28% | 1 | 0 | Maria Evangelina Palparan | Bienvinido Caralde | Felix Desiderio, Jr. |
| Katutubo | 80,064 | 0.27% | 0 | 0 | Jannette Reisland | Agustin Petican | Tyrone Calo |
| A TAMBAY | 79,255 | 0.27% | 0 | 0 | Mohammar Omar Fajardo | Jaime Pelaez | Leandro Jose Domalanta |
| A-IPRA | 77,270 | 0.26% | 0 | 0 | Eugenio Insigne | Gregorio Andolana | Pablo Bernardo |
| Bayani | 74,993 | 0.26% | 0 | 0 | Guiling Mamondlong | Diosdado Padilla | Christopher Aggabao, Jr. |
| 1-Tubig (formerly AAWAS) | 74,152 | 0.25% | 0 | 0 | Ranulfo Feliciano | Lope Santos III | Emmanuel de Leon |
| Vendors | 74,041 | 0.25% | 0 | 0 | Yussuf Macalangcom | Amna Sali | Esmail Macalangcom |
| AME | 71,503 | 0.24% | 0 | 0 | Alfonso Goking | Antonio Oppus | Jose Pamplona, Sr. |
| APO | 70,901 | 0.24% | 0 | 0 | Salacnib Baterina | Janette Tulagan | Anna Marie Abian |
| BIYAHENG PINOY | 70,480 | 0.24% | 0 | 0 | Narciso Santiago III | Jesus Cruz | Alvin Feliciano |
| ALMA | 70,070 | 0.24% | 0 | 0 | Celso Magliba | Rodolfo Vicerra | Christian Braganza |
| APOI | 67,946 | 0.23% | 0 | 0 | Melchor Rosales | Rosario Dizon | Arturo Tomaneng |
| CHINOY | 67,800 | 0.23% | 0 | 0 | Judy Tumangan | Rogelio Amatorio, Jr. | |
| ORAGON | 67,366 | 0.23% | 0 | 0 | Felizardo Colambo | Jose Saribong | Victor Daet |
| PEP | 65,299 | 0.22% | 0 | 0 | Philip Picolo | Vicente Ortuoste | Jose Maria Zayco |
| UNLAD Pilipinas | 64,746 | 0.22% | 0 | 0 | |||
| ADAM | 63,065 | 0.22% | 0 | 0 | Zamzamin Ampatuan | Rodolfo Serrano II | Ana Eleanor Intrina |
| A BLESSED | 62,529 | 0.21% | 0 | 0 | Tapa Umal | Expedito Lorente | Macario Baricaua |
| AMA | 62,249 | 0.21% | 0 | 0 | Joel Go | Raoul Victorino | Carolina de Jesus |
| SB | 60,606 | 0.21% | 0 | 0 | Herminio Aquino | Nelson Cortez | Romeo Valorozo |
| ARC | 57,515 | 0.20% | 2 | 0 | Oscar Francisco | Frank Roy Ribo | Mark Amor |
| AANI | 57,190 | 0.20% | 0 | 0 | Roberto V. Rodriguez | Roy Rosales | Jose Umadhay |
| ABP-Bicolnon | 55,159 | 0.19% | 0 | 0 | Enrique Olonan | Henry Steve Olonan | Jose Pobocan |
| Emmanuel | 54,848 | 0.19% | 0 | 0 | Norma Nueva | Florentino Teruel | Ishmael Naga III |
| AKO BAHAY | 54,182 | 0.18% | 0 | 0 | Percival Chavez | Ma. Perla Tablante | Maria Beverly Lingo |
| ADD-TRIBAL | 53,510 | 0.18% | 0 | 0 | Abdurrahman Amin | Salem Bagis, Jr. | Princess Mabol |
| KLBP | 50,466 | 0.17% | 0 | 0 | Teresita Lazaro | Ma. Carmen Lazaro | Venancia Corcuera |
| AMANG | 50,127 | 0.17% | 0 | 0 | Marcelino Arias | Dan Navarro | Edwin Tan |
| AAMA | 49,990 | 0.17% | 0 | 0 | Allan Ralph Basa | Dennis Uy | Rafael Banigued, Jr. |
| ALON | 49,893 | 0.17% | 0 | 0 | Richard Ritual | Joseph Patano | Jaime Quinoñes |
| Agri | 49,635 | 0.17% | 0 | 0 | Michael Ryan Enriquez | Minerva Arellano | Sunshine Hope Verzosa |
| ANAKALUSUGAN | 47,828 | 0.16% | 0 | 0 | Ronald Kempis | Juan Lagunzad | Athena Mangondato |
| BIDA | 45,708 | 0.16% | 0 | 0 | Sheryl See | Johnny Tam | Emilio Marcelo |
| KALAHI | 45,494 | 0.16% | 0 | 0 | Eleazar Quinto | Apostol Poe Gratela | Charles Medillo |
| Green Force | 44,100 | 0.15% | 0 | 0 | Ramon Ignacio | Guillermo Lazaro, Jr. | Freddie Feir |
| ASAHAN MO | 41,809 | 0.14% | 0 | 0 | Jun Omar Ebdane | Christian Cecillo | Ianela Jusi-Barrantes |
| ARAL | 41,159 | 0.14% | 0 | 0 | Maria Socorro Malitao | Mauro Quiroban, Jr. | Tomas Pastor |
| Ako Agila | 39,448 | 0.13% | 0 | 0 | Angelo Palmones | Anselmo Adriano | Florentino Tesoro |
| AWAT | 38,050 | 0.13% | 0 | 0 | Jose Agduma II | Christy Joy Arellano | Rabanes Pundato, Jr. |
| Yes We Can | 36,819 | 0.13% | 0 | 0 | Maynard Lapid | Noah Nocon | Amery Santiago |
| Akap TAO | 36,805 | 0.13% | 0 | 0 | Annelie Ofreneo-Carreon | Emmanuel Pelayo | Carlo Alejandrino |
| ANG MINERO | 36,650 | 0.13% | 0 | 0 | Lomino Kaniteng | Patrick Caolie | Luis Sarmiento |
| OPO | 35,636 | 0.12% | 0 | 0 | Joel Otallo | Rafael de Leon | Vicente Millora |
| IVAP | 34,785 | 0.12% | 0 | 0 | Karim Panumpang | Khalil Pangcoga | Manggay Guro |
| PM (MASDA) | 34,769 | 0.12% | 0 | 0 | Roberto Martin | Daniel Galang | Raul Raquid |
| ALMANA | 32,957 | 0.12% | 0 | 0 | Ernesto Arellano | Eduardo Landayan | Trinidad Domingo |
| BAGO | 32,942 | 0.11% | 0 | 0 | Romualdo Dumling | Simplicio Dang-awan, Jr. | Manuel Mariano, Jr. |
| Abang Lingkod | 32,122 | 0.11% | 0 | 0 | Dionisio Manuel | Leonardo Tayag | Benjamin Arenas, Jr. |
| 1-AK | 32,048 | 0.11% | Eduardo Morales | Melchor Plaza | Henry Asistin | ||
| SAGIP | 31,798 | 0.11% | 0 | 0 | Romeo Maganto | Mohammad Vergel de Dios, Jr. | Jaime Zarraga |
| KASAPI | 31,667 | 0.11% | 0 | 0 | Victoriano Saway | Rodolfo Canam | Isagani Santos |
| ANUPA | 31,330 | 0.11% | 0 | 0 | Rosemarie Mejorada | Pantaleon Morallos, Sr. | Siegfried Zosa |
| ARCAPP | 30,845 | 0.11% | 0 | 0 | Bayan Bait | Michael Millares | Flor Esteban |
| UNI-MAD | 30,651 | 0.10% | 1 | 0 | Teodoro Lim | Harry Lorenzo, Jr. | Joel Torregoza |
| FFW | 30,540 | 0.10% | 0 | 0 | Allan Montaño | Jose Cayobit | Alfredo Maranan |
| SABOD | 30,001 | 0.10% | 0 | 0 | Anthony Ayco | Ike Barredo | Patrick Nessia |
| SMART | 28,617 | 0.10% | 0 | 0 | Carlito Cubelo | Jose Calida | Joseph Cubelo |
| ADA | 27,521 | 0.10% | 0 | 0 | Victor Manuel, Jr. | Eugenio Manaois | Teresita Agbayani |
| 1ST PRISA | 27,229 | 0.09% | 0 | 0 | Gabriel Martin Angeles | Edward Chua | Gonzalo Duque |
| AKSI | 26,805 | 0.09% | 0 | 0 | Reynaldo Valeros, Jr. | Lamberto Torres | Jimmy Besinio |
| Abante KA | 26,593 | 0.09% | 0 | 0 | Romulo Lumauig | Jose B. Lopez | Mustapha Sambolawan |
| BANGON TRANSPORT | 25,547 | 0.09% | 0 | 0 | Ricardo Papa | Cesar Ambrosio | Julian Oliva, Jr. |
| ABO | 23,902 | 0.09% | 0 | 0 | Procio Pilapil | Reynaldo Santos | Ramon V. Navarro |
| AK | 23,394 | 0.08% | 0 | 0 | Procio Pilapil | Reynaldo Santos | Ramon V. Navarro |
| ANG PADER | 22,218 | 0.08% | 0 | 0 | Pastor Gamit | Al Ignatius Lopez | Benjamin Tancio |
| ACTS | 21,475 | 0.07% | 0 | 0 | Feliciano Adorna, Jr. | Albert Anosa | Ernesto Maceda |
| AAPS | 20,753 | 0.07% | 0 | 0 | Edna Azurin | Francis Andre Azurin | Felicisima Teodoro |
| AKI | 19,580 | 0.07% | 0 | 0 | Victor Lorza | Porfino Castillo, Jr. | Elsa Auson |
| ALUM | 19,577 | 0.07% | 0 | 0 | Manuel Sabillo | Cesar Betil | Bartolomio Maing |
| BIGKIS | 19,027 | 0.06% | |||||
| AS | 18,164 | 0.06% | 0 | 0 | Peter Paul Sanvicente | Andres Tionko | Marc Maglinong |
| AMS | 17,534 | 0.06% | 0 | 0 | Ronaldo Gonzalo | Manny Calayan | Leo Martinez |
| ABAY PARAK | 17,125 | 0.06% | 0 | 0 | Nilo Geonzon | Rizaldo Realubit | Nilo Quiros |
| AFPSEGCO | 15,595 | 0.05% | 0 | 0 | Sotero Leonero, Jr. | David Braña III | Aida Laggui |
| BUKLOD FILIPINA | 12,430 | 0.04% | 0 | 0 | Zenaida Tobias | Mila Lamb | Elena Santa Ana |
| 1-NET | 12,335 | 0.04% | 0 | 0 | |||
| Ang PDR | 11,680 | 0.04% | 0 | 0 | Romeo Royandoyan | Jaime Tadeo | Amelita Balisalisa-Atillo |
| Abot Tanaw | 10,473 | 0.04% | 0 | 0 | Gerwyn See | Mario Cornista | Tomas Toledo |
| ACMA | 8,864 | 0.03% | 0 | 0 | |||
| AASCA | 7,379 | 0.03% | 0 | 0 | Franco Puzon | Alfredo Ripoli, Sr. | Quintin Paredes III |
| ALLUMAD | 6,612 | 0.02% | 0 | 0 | Julius Mabandos | Ian Ybañez | Agnes Escudero |
| UFS | 6,121 | 0.02% | 0 | 0 | |||
| BIDA (BINIGKIS) | 4,963 | 0.02% | 0 | 0 | |||
| CPM | 4,495 | 0.02% | 0 | 0 | |||
| AVPAP | 4,324 | 0.01% | 0 | 0 | |||
| ANG SAMAKA | 4,199 | 0.01% | 0 | 0 | Reynaldo Quindara | Virginia Castro | Maria Yolanda dela Paz |
| PFP | 3,883 | 0.01% | 0 | 0 | |||
| ANG NICP | 1,217 | 0.00% | 0 | 0 | |||
| Total valid votes | 29,311,294 | 76.83% | 52 | 56 | 1 seat pending qualification | ||
| ABC | 471,407 | — | 0 | (1) | Arnulfo Molero | Gerardo Panghulan | James Marty Lim |
| AKAP | 94,209 | — | Ma. Welma de Guzman | Joel Otarra | Felicitas Sison | ||
| ANG TSINOY | 88,522 | — | Carmelo Redencion T. de Leoz, Jr. | Ronaldo Bohol | Isabelo Osmena | ||
| ABBA-AMA | 34,852 | — | Joselito de Guia | Dennis Opeña | Arden Cabigas | ||
| APELA | 26,133 | — | Arturo Alit | Henric David | Marianito Miranda | ||
| UCAP | 19,221 | — | Hanson So, Sr. | Hanson So, Jr. | Ruben Antonio | ||
| Damayan | 19,069 | — | Gregorio del Prado | Rachel Bongar | Jonathan Navea | ||
| ALNA | 15,520 | — | Charlemagne Alejandrino | Gloria Abendan | Annabelle Bueno | ||
| NCCP | 12,386 | — | Elvira Medina | Alejandro Contillo | Ramon Ike Señeres | ||
| Other invalid votes | 8,056,758 | 21.12% | |||||
| Total invalid votes | 8,838,077 | 23.17% | |||||
| Turnout | 38,149,371 | 74.34% | |||||
| Registered voters | 51,317,073 | 100.00% | |||||
*there are more nominees listed in case one of the first three nominees are either disqualified or are removed from office. In some instances, the parties submitted two lists; in those the cases, the second list submitted is listed.
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